Women may file chemical hair straightener lawsuits if they used the products and later developed uterine, endometrial and ovarian cancer. Lawsuits say chemical straighteners and relaxers increase the risk of cancer, and that manufacturers failed to warn the public.
As of November 2024, there were 9,488 hair straightener lawsuits pending in multidistrict litigation in the U.S. District Court of the Northern District of Illinois. Litigation in MDL 3060 is in the early stages, and lawyers expect many more people to file hair straightener lawsuits.
Hair Relaxer Lawsuit Status
When the Illinois MDL was first formed, it started with more than a dozen individual injury cases and has since grown to include more than two hundred plaintiffs. Lawyers expect this litigation to grow because millions of people used these products over the years.
Women are filing lawsuits against chemical hair straightener companies after a 2022 National Institutes of Health study found women who used chemical hair straighteners had a greater risk of developing uterine cancer. Defendants include L’Oreal, Soft Sheen Carson, Strength of Nature and others. Currently, the litigation is focused on uterine, endometrial and ovarian cancer, though this could later include more injuries if more evidence links straighteners to them.
The study, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, found women who used chemical straighteners more than four times a year had more than double the risk of uterine cancer. Studies also linked chemical hair relaxers to increased uterine fibroid and endometriosis risk. Uterine cancer rates among Black women have been rising, and researchers say chemical straighteners may be to blame. About 60% of women in the study who reported using hair straighteners were Black women.
People are filing lawsuits for compensation including medical bills, pain and suffering and lost wages. Some women who filed lawsuits have had to have hysterectomies to treat uterine cancer, preventing them for having children.
In November 2022, plaintiffs’ lawyers asked the U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation to consolidate all of the chemical hair straightener lawsuits in multidistrict litigation in Illinois. By February 2023, the cases were consolidated into MDL number 3060, IN RE: Hair Relaxer Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litigation in the Northern District of Illinois.
As of November 2024, there were 9,488 lawsuits pending in the MDL. In March 2023, there were only 74 cases. Lawyers expect the litigation to continue growing. In addition to the product liability cases in the MDL which demand compensation for injuries, manufacturers also face chemical hair straightener class action lawsuits demanding a refund for the purchase price of the products.
There have been no settlement or jury verdicts in these cases yet, though some lawyers estimate a chemical hair straightener settlement could be anywhere from $100,000 to $1.5 million because of the cancer claims. Experts have based these figures on similar product liability cancer claims.
Chemical hair straightener lawsuits claim chemicals in these products have caused women to develop uterine cancer, breast cancer, endometriosis and fibroids. Though, many of lawsuits focus on breast cancer, lawyers are accepting cases for these four conditions. Studies have linked endocrine disrupting chemicals, or EDCs, in chemical hair straighteners to various side effects and health problems such as cancer, endometriosis and uterine fibroids. The risk of these conditions goes up with frequent use, and many plaintiffs in chemical hair straightener lawsuits have been using these products for years.
Researchers define frequent use as more than four times a year, or every five to eight weeks. Dangerous chemicals in hair straighteners include phthalates, parabens and a very toxic chemical called DEHP.
Hermania E. Bates filed a chemical hair straightener lawsuit against L’Oreal, Soft Sheen Carson and other hair straightener manufacturers in February 2023 after she developed uterine cancer. According to her lawsuit, “Ms. Bates’ cancer diagnosis was directly and proximately caused by her regular and prolonged exposure to phthalates and other endocrine disrupting chemicals found in Defendants’ hair care products.”
In the 2022 NIH study, researchers looked at data from 33,947 women aged 35 to 74. Women who reported using hair straighteners had higher incidence rates of uterine cancer. Women who used the products more than four times in 12 months had more than double the risk.
Some women who filed claims in hair straightener lawsuits claimed endocrine disrupting chemicals in hair straighteners and relaxers led them to develop endometriosis and endometrial cancer.
Researchers believe endometriosis may be caused by hormonal issues. Phthalates, parabens and EDCs like those found in chemical hair straighteners and hair dye could disrupt hormones and increase the risk of endometriosis, according to some studies. One study published in 2018 in the Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences found high levels of phthalates in women diagnosed with endometriosis. Lawsuits claims these chemicals can also increase the risk of endometrial cancer.
Some lawsuits have also claimed uterine fibroids in addition to uterine cancer. According to claims in chemical hair straightener lawsuits, “uterine fibroids, or uterine leiomyomata, are associated with phthalate metabolites and BPA found in hair care products.” A November 2022 study by Northwestern Medicine found women with high exposures to phthalates such as DEHP and its metabolites have a higher risk of developing symptomatic fibroids. Researchers found DEHP activates certain hormone receptors and causes fibroid tumor growth.
Prior to this study, researchers established a link between uterine fibroids and phthalates. Scientists also discovered DEHP can pass from a mother to a baby and gradually release from consumer products into indoor environments.
Plaintiffs have filed lawsuits against L’Oreal and other hair relaxers makers and popular brands such as Soft & Beautiful and Dark and Lovely.
“Defendants knew or should have known that their hair relaxer products were dangerous and defective because they contain highly toxic EDCs and they manufactured, marketed and sold them anyway,” lawsuits claim.
In addition to individual injury lawsuits, defendants also face a class action in Illinois court that demands a refund for the full purchase price of the products. The lawsuits claim, “The presence of EDCs in Defendants’ Toxic Hair Straightener was not disclosed in the products’ label, in violation of state and federal law.”
You may qualify to file a chemical hair straightener lawsuit if you used a chemical hair straightener or relaxer and were later diagnosed with uterine cancer, breast cancer, uterine fibroids or endometriosis. Only a lawyer can tell you if you qualify, so make sure you speak to an attorney right away. There may be time limits to file your claim.
When you speak to a lawyer, they may ask you questions about your experience with chemical hair straighteners. Have any receipts and information about your diagnosis available. If you can’t get these, a lawyer may be able to help you obtain medical records.
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